Software Engineering [ SE ] by Ian Sommerville e-book free download

E-Book Details:

Title:	Software Engineering
Publisher:	Addison-Wesley (E)
Author:	Ian Sommerville
Edition:	Hardcover,8th
EditionNumber:	8
ISBN:	0-321-31379-8
EAN:	9780321313799
No. of Pages:	864

Book Description:

Software Engineering 8 presents a broad perspective on software systems engineering, concentrating on widely used techniques for developing large-scale systems.

Structured into 6 parts:

1: Introduction; 2: Requirements Engineering; 3: Design; 4: Software Development; 5: Verification and Validation; 6: Management

… And now with additional new chapters on System Security Engineering, Aspect-oriented Software Development, and Service-oriented systems!

Building on the widely acclaimed strengths of the 7th edition, 8 updates readers with the latest developments in the field, whilst maintaining the structure and content of the 7th – easily upward compatible for those using the text in a teaching environment.

Features:

    * Covers all the latest developments on software engineering, keeping readers up-to-date.

    * Core structure built around the key software engineering activities of specification, design, development, verification and validation and management, makes the subject even easier to grasp and gives students a clear understanding of how these important topics work together.

    * 2 integrated, contrasting case studies flow through the text, continuously giving practical context and examples for topics discussed.

    * Introduces management issues such as project planning early in the book, allowing it to be used in a project based course (where this material should be covered early).

    * Discussion on systems engineering explains the role of software and why systems are more than just software.

    * Significant coverage of requirements and architectural design emphasizing their importance in the overall SE process.

    * Program examples in Java.

    * Graphical system models in standard UML.

    * Author website features Instructors Guide, solutions to problems, links to additional material, additional case study material and additional projects.

    * 3 new chapters on System Security Engineering, Aspect-oriented Software Development, and Service-oriented systems.

New to this Edition

    *   Security Engineering, showing youhow you can design software to resist attacks and recover from damage;

    * Service-oriented Software Engineering, explaininghow reusable web services can be used to develop new applications.

    *   Aspect-oriented Software Development, introducing new techniques based on the separation of concerns.

Table of Contents:

INTRODUCTION

Ch 1: Introduction        

Ch 2: Socio-technical Systems

Ch 3: Dependability

Ch 4: Software Processes

Ch 5: Project Management

REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING

Ch 6: Software Requirements

Ch 7: RE Processes

Ch 8: Systems Models

Ch 9: Critical Systems Specification

Ch 10: Formal Specification

DESIGN

Ch 11: Architectural Design

Ch 12: Distributed Systems Architecture

Ch 13: Application Architectures

Ch 14: Object-oriented Design

Ch 15: Real-time Systems

Ch 16: User Interface Design

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

Ch 17: Iterative Software Development

Ch 18: Software Reuse

Ch 19: CBSE

Ch 20: Critical Systems Development

Ch 21: Software Evolution

VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION

Ch 22: Verification and Validation

Ch 23:  Software Testing

Ch 24: Critical Systems Validation

MANAGEMENT

Ch 25: Managing People

Ch 26: Software Cost Estimation

Ch 27: Quality Management

Ch 28: Process Improvement

Ch 29: Configuration Management

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Ch 30: Security Engineering

Ch 31: Service-oriented Software Engineering

Ch 32: Aspect-oriented Software Development

Glossary

References

Index

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Fundamentals of Database Systems [ DBMS ] by Ramez Elmasri, Shamkrant Navathe e-book free download

E-Book Details:

Title:	Fundamentals of Database Systems
Publisher:	Addison Wesley
Author:	Ramez Elmasri, Shamkrant Navathe
Edition:	Paperback,3rd
EditionNumber:	3
ISBN:	0136086209
EAN:	9780136086208
No. of Pages:	1200

Book Description:

Clear explanations of theory and design, broad coverage of models and real systems, and an up-to-date introduction to modern database technologies result in a leading introduction to database systems. Intended for computer science majors, Fundamentals of Database Systems, 6/e emphasizes math models, design issues, relational algebra, and relational calculus.

                                 A lab manual and problems give students opportunities to practice the fundamentals of design and implementation. Real-world examples serve as engaging, practical illustrations of database concepts. The Sixth Edition maintains its coverage of the most popular database topics, including SQL, security, and data mining, and features increased emphasis on XML and semi-structured data.

Table of Contents:
Part 1 describes the basic concepts necessary for a good understanding of database design and implementation, as well as the conceptual modeling techniques used in database systems. Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 introduce databases, their typical users, and DBMS concepts, terminology, and architecture. In Chapter 3, the concepts of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model and ER diagrams are presented and used to illustrate conceptual database design. Chapter 4 focuses on data abstraction and semantic data modeling concepts, and extends the ER model to incorporate these ideas, leading to the enhanced-ER (EER) data model and EER diagrams. The concepts presented include subclasses, specialization, generalization, and union types (categories). The notation for the class diagrams of UML are also introduced. These are similar to EER diagrams and are used increasingly in conceptual object modeling.

Part 1 concludes with a description of the physical file structures and access methods used in database systems. Chapter 5 describes the primary methods of organizing files of records on disk, including static and dynamic hashing. Chapter 6 describes indexing techniques for files, including B-tree and B+-tree data structures and grid files.

Part 2 describes the relational data model and relational DBMSs. Chapter 7 describes the basic relational model, its integrity constraints and update operations, and the operations of the relational algebra. Chapter 8 gives a detailed overview of the SQL language, covering the SQL2 standard, which is implemented in most relational systems. Chapter 9 begins with two sections that describe relational schema design, starting from a conceptual database design in an ER or EER model, and concludes with three sections introducing the formal relational calculus languages and an overview of the QBE language. Chapter 10 presents overviews of the Oracle and Microsoft Access database systems as examples of popular commercial relational database management systems.

Part 3 gives a comprehensive introduction to object databases and object-relational systems. Chapter 11 introduces object-oriented concepts and how they apply to object databases. Chapter 12 gives a detailed overview of the ODMG object model and its associated ODL and OQL languages, and gives examples of two commercial object DBMSs. Chapter 13 describes how relational databases are being extended to include object-oriented concepts and presents the features of two object-relational systems—Informix Universal Server and ORACLE 8, as well as giving an overview of some of the features of the proposed SQL3 standard, and the nested relational data model.

Part 4 covers several topics related to database design. Chapter 14 and Chapter 15 cover the formalisms, theory, and algorithms developed for relational database design by normalization. This material includes functional and other types of dependencies and normal forms for relations. Step by step intuitive normalization is presented in Chapter 14, and relational design algorithms are given in Chapter 15, which also defines other types of dependencies, such as multivalued and join dependencies. Chapter 16 presents an overview of the different phases of the database design process for medium-sized and large applications, and it also discusses physical database design issues and includes a discussion on database tuning.

Part 5 discusses the techniques used in implementing database management systems. Chapter 17 introduces DBMS system architectures, including centralized and client-server architectures, then describes the system catalog, which is a vital part of any DBMS. Chapter 18 presents the techniques used for processing and optimizing queries specified in a high-level database language—such as SQL—and discusses various algorithms for implementing relational database operations. A section on query optimization in ORACLE has been added. Chapter 19, Chapter 20 and Chapter 21 discuss transaction processing, concurrency control, and recovery techniques—this material has been revised to include discussions of how these concepts are realized in SQL. Chapter 22 discusses database security and authorization techniques.

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ES [Basic Environmental Engineering] by R.C.Gaur, jntu e-book free download

E-Book Details:

Title:	Basic Environmental Engineering by R.C.Gaur
Publisher:	New Age International Publishers Ltd
Author:	R.C.Gaur
Edition:	Paperback 1st Edition
EditionNumber:	1
ISBN:	978-81-224-2701-1
EAN:	9788122422399
No. of Pages:	220

Contents:

1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1

1.1 Basic Concepts 1

1.2 Biotic and Abiotic Environment 2

1.3 Adverse Effects of Environmental Pollution 2

1.4 Control Strategies 4

1.5 Environmental Act and Regulations 6

1.5.1 International Concern for Environment 7

1.5.2 Environmental Protection laws in India 7

1.6 Regulatory Structure of Pollution Control Authorities and their Functions 9

1.6.1 Functions of M.O.E.F 9

1.6.2 Functions of the Central Pollution Control Board 9

1.6.3 Functions of the State Pollution Control Board 10

1.7 Conclusion 11

2. WATER POLLUTION 13

2.1 Introduction 13

2.2 Water Resources 13

2.2.1 Rainfall 14

2.2.2 Distribution of Rainfall 15

2.2.3 Measurement of Rainfall 15

2.3 Surface Sources of Water Supply 17

2.4 Subsurface or Underground Sources 21

2.4.1 Porosity 21

2.4.2 Permeability 21

2.5 Ground Water Yield 22

2.5.1 Drilling of Tube-Wells 23

2.5.2 Lowering of Pipes and Gravel Packing 26

2.5.3 Development of Tube-Wells 26

2.5.4 Yield of a Tube-Well 27

2.5.4.1 Yield of a Tube-Well in an Unconfined Aquifer 27

2.5.4.2 Yield of a Tube-Well in a Confined Aquifer 30

2.6 Basics of the Water Supply Schemes 32

2.6.1 Quality of Water 35

Preface (vii)

___    __     

2.6.2 Characteristics of Water 38

2.7 Treatment of Water 42

2.7.1 Screening 42

2.7.2 Plain Sedimentation 42

2.7.3 Sedimentation Aided with Coagulation 43

2.7.3 Filtration 43

2.7.4 Disinfection 44

2.7.5 Aeration 45

2.7.6 Water Softening 46

2.8 Requirement of Pressure of Water to be Supplied 48

2.9. Waste Water Management 49

2.9.1 Prevention of Pollution 49

2.9.2 Statutory Water and Sanitation Boards 50

2.9.3 Waste Water Management 51

2.9.3.1 Collection of Domestic Wastewater 51

2.9.3.2 Conveyance or Transportation of Waste Water 52

2.9.3.3 Design of the Sewer Line 52

2.9.3.4 Hydraulics of Sewers 54

2.9.1 Treatment of Wastewater 55

2.9.1.1 Unit Operations and Processes 57

2.9.1.2 Methods of Treatment of Wastewater 59

2.9.5 Anaerobic Digestion 60

2.9.6 Disposal of Treated Wastewater (Effluent) 61

2.9.7 Disposal into Water Bodies 62

2.9.7.1 Disposal on Land 63

2.9.8 Onsite Sanitation 64

2.9.9 Septic Tank 64

2.9.10 Soak Pits 65

2.10 In-house Treatment and Saving of Water 66

2.11 Conclusion

3. AIR POLLUTION 69

3.1 Introduction 69

3.2 Formal Definition of Air Pollution 70

3.3 Classification of Pollutants 71

3.3.1 Classification of Air Pollutants 71

3.3.2. Primary and Secondary Air Pollutants 73

3.4 Classification based on Position 74

3.5 Harmful Effects of Air Pollution on Materials 76

3.6 Control of Air Pollution 77

3.7 Control of Automobile Pollution 78

3.7.1 Catalytic Converter 78

3.8 Noise Pollution 79

3.9 Greenhouse Effect & Global Warming 79

3.10 Acid Rain 80

3.11 Ozone Depletion 82

3.11.1 Causes of the Ozone Layer Depletion 82

3.11.2 Effects of Ozone Layer Depletion 83

_____

3.11.3 Preventive Action to Ozone Depletion 83

3.12 Conclusion 83

4. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 87

4.1 Introduction 87

4.2 Classification of Solid Waste 89

4.2.1. Importance of Classification 91

4.3 Composition and Characteristics of Solid Waste 93

4.3.1. Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste in Indian Cities 93

4.4 Expected Quantities of Solid Waste 95

4.5 Physical Characteristics 96

4.6 Chemical Characteristics 97

4.7 Waste Management Approach 98

4.7.1 Inventory Management and Improved Operation 98

4.7.2 Utilization of Waste 99

4.8 Solid Waste Management: An Overview 100

4.8.1 Identification of Waste and its Minimization at the Source 100

4.8.2 Collection, Segregation and Storage at the Site of Collection 101

4.8.3 Transportation of Solid Waste 102

4.8.4 Treatment of Solid Waste 102

4.8.5 Energy Recovery and Disposal 103

4.6.5.1 Incineration 103

4.8.5.2 Landfill 104

4.8.5.3 Composting 105

4.9 Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste 106

4.8.1 Parameters Affecting Energy Recovery 107

4.10 Sanitary Landfill 108

4.11 Hazardous Waste Management 109

4.12 Bio-Medical Waste 110

4.13 Conclusion 111

5. ECOLOGY 115

5.1 Introduction 115

5.1.1 Objectives of Ecological Study 117

5.1.2 Useful Definitions 117

5.1.3 Classification of Various Aspects of Ecology 119

5.1.3.1 Autecology 119

5.1.3.2 Synecology 120

5.1.3.3 Classification on the Basis of Habitat 120

5.1.3.3.1 Modern Sub-Divisions of Ecology 120

5.1.4 Functional Concepts of Ecology 121

5.2 Basics of Species 122

5.3 Ecosystem 122

5.3.1 Cyclic Operation of Ecosystems 124

5.3.1.1 Geophysical 124

5.3.1.2.Hydrological Cycle 125

______

5.3.1.3 Chemical Cycle 128

5.3.2 Ecosystem and Human Beings 130

5.3.3 Biome and Ecosystem 131

5.4 Energy Flow in the Ecosystem 132

5.4.1 Solar Energy 133

5.5 Major Ecosystems of the World 135

5.5.1 Sea as an Ecosystem 136

5.5.2 Estuaries 136

5.5.3 Streams and Rivers 136

5.5.4 Lakes and Ponds 137

5.5.5 The Terrestrial Formations 137

5.5.6 Deserts 137

5.5.7 Tundras 138

5.5.8 Grasslands 138

5.5.9 Forest 139

5.6 Biodiversity 140

5.6.1 Basic Laws of Biodiversity 141

5.7 Population Analysis 142

5.7.1 Population Characteristics 142

5.7.2 Regulation of Population 143

5.7.3 Population Dynamics 143

5.8 Conclusion 146

6. RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY 149

6.1 Introduction 149

6.2 Renewable Sources of Energy 151

6.2.1 Solar Energy 151

6.2.2 Wind Energy 153

6.2.3 Energy from Water 155

6.2.4 Energy from Oceans 156

6.2.5 Energy from Biomass 156

6.2.6 Geothermal Energy 156

6.3 Potential of Renewable Energy Resources in India 157

6.4 Conclusion 158

7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 161

7.1 Introduction 161

7.2 Necessity of Environmental Impact Assessment 163

7.3 Methodology of Environmental Impact Assessment 164

7.3.1 Identification of Impact Areas 164

7.3.1.1 Water Resource Project 164

7.3.1.2 Hydroelectricity Project 172

7.3.1.3 Navigation Project 172

7.3.1.4 Tidal Hydro Electricity Project 172

7.3.1.5 Wave Energy Generation 173

7.3.1.6 Wind Energy Project 173

7.3.1.7 Geothermal Energy 174

_____

7.3.1.8 Solar Energy 174

7.3.1.9 Thermal Power Plants 174

7.3.1.10 Biomass or Biogas Power Plant 175

7.3.1.11 Industries 175

7.3.2 Data Collection 176

7.3.3 Prediction 177

7.3.4 Assessment 179

7.4 Conclusion 180

8. NOISE POLLUTION 183

8.1 Introduction 183

8.2 Levels of Noise 184

8.3 The Nature of Sound 184

8.3.1 Amplitude(A) 185

8.3.2 Pitch 185

8.3.3 Power and Intensity 186

8.4 Sensitivity of Sound 186

8.5 Levels of Noise and its Measurement: 187

8.6 Acceptable Noise Levels 188

8.7 Effects of Noise 189

8.8 Adverse Effects of Noise 190

8.8.1 Effects on Human Body Function 190

8.8.2 Sleep Interference 190

8.8.3 Effect on Working Efficiency 190

8.8.4 Effect on Wild Life 190

8.8.5 Effects on Non Living Things 190

8.9 Control of Noise Pollution 191

8.9.1 Noise Control at Source 191

8.9.2 Noise Control along the Path 191

8.10 Noise Control at Receiving End 191

8.11 Other Ways of Noise Control 191

8.12 Measurement of Noise 192

8.13 Conclusion 192

Bibliography 195

Index 199

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